Radiology

In modern medicine, radiology presents one of the most essential tools, offering precise diagnostics that guide treatment decisions. At Biruni Hospital, we make sure that all of our patients benefit from the most advanced imaging technologies and top quality expert care.

What is radiology?

Radiology is a medical tool and specialty that utilises various imaging procedures and techniques to diagnose and treat diseases. Through the use of cutting-edge technology, radiology allows doctors and healthcare professionals to view the inside of the body in a non-invasive manner. This helps detect many diseases in their early stages, increasing the chances of successful treatment.

The key aspects of radiology procedures

• The main goal of radiology is to diagnose medical conditions.
• Many radiology procedures are minimally invasive, especially in interventional radiology, requiring small or no incisions.
• Radiology is used in treatments such as radiation therapy for cancer and embolization procedures.
• Radiology helps doctors monitor disease progression and adjust treatment plans as needed.

The main types of radiology procedures

The main types of radiology procedures include X-rays, ultrasounds, CT (Computed Tomography) scans, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging),and mammography. These imaging techniques help diagnose and monitor various medical conditions by providing detailed views of the body’s internal structures.

X-ray Imaging

X-ray imaging is one of the most commonly used diagnostic tools in radiology. It works by passing a controlled amount of radiation through the body to create images of internal structures.

Denser tissues like bones appear white, while softer tissues show in shades of gray.

Procedure steps and aspects

• Preparation: Remove clothing or jewelry that might interfere with the scan.
• Positioning: The patient is positioned based on the body part being examined.
• Imaging: The X-ray machine emits radiation.
• Exposure: A digital or film image is captured.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

MRI uses a powerful magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft tissues. Unlike X-rays, MRI does not use ionizing radiation, making it ideal for diagnosing neurological or muscular issues.

Procedure steps and aspects

• Preparation: Remove metal objects and change into a gown.
• Positioning: Lie on a movable table that slides into the MRI machine.
• Imaging: Stay still while the machine captures images.
• Duration: Typically 20 minutes to 1 hour, depending on the area scanned.

CT Scan (Computed Tomography)

CT scans combine multiple X-ray images taken from different angles to create detailed cross-sectional views. They are particularly useful for examining the abdomen, chest, and pelvis.

Procedure steps and aspects

• Preparation: A contrast agent may be injected or taken orally.
• Positioning: Lie on a table that moves through a circular scanner.
• Imaging: The scanner rotates to capture images.
• Duration: Usually 5–10 minutes.

Ultrasound imaging

Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of internal organs. It’s especially common in pregnancy monitoring and cardiology.

Procedure steps and aspects

• Preparation: Fasting may be required depending on the exam.
• Positioning: Lie on an exam table; gel is applied to the skin.
• Imaging: A transducer emits sound waves and displays images on a screen.
• Duration: 15–30 minutes.

Nuclear medicine

Nuclear medicine uses small amounts of radioactive substances (radiopharmaceuticals) to diagnose and treat conditions. These substances may be injected, ingested, or inhaled.

Procedure steps and aspects

• Preparation: You may be asked to fast.
• Injection: The radiopharmaceutical is introduced into your body.
• Waiting: Time is needed for the substance to localize in the body.
• Imaging: A gamma camera detects radiation and forms images.

The postoperative period after a radiology procedure

The postoperative period after a radiology procedure is usually short and involves minimal recovery, especially for non-invasive imaging like X-rays or MRIs. For interventional radiology procedures, patients may need observation for a few hours to monitor for bleeding or complications, with follow-up instructions provided by the medical team.

The short-term healing period

Most radiology procedures such as X-rays, CT scans, and ultrasounds do not require recovery time. You can usually resume daily activities right away.

However, if your procedure was more invasive, such as a biopsy or catheter insertion, the following may apply:

• Pain Management: Mild discomfort may occur. Pain relievers are usually enough.
• Rest and Care: Recommended if incisions or injections were involved.
• Observation: Doctors may monitor you for a short time to check for side effects like bleeding or infection.

The long-term healing period

Long-term recovery depends on how invasive the procedure was. While non-invasive tests need little to no follow-up, interventional procedures may involve:

• Continued Monitoring: Follow-ups ensure the treatment is working.
• Physical Therapy: Sometimes recommended to restore strength or movement.
• Recovery Duration: Healing may take weeks or months for complex treatments.

Key considerations during the healing period

• Infection Prevention: Keep the treated area clean and follow your doctor’s aftercare instructions.
• Hydration and Nutrition: Support recovery with a healthy diet and plenty of fluids.
• Emotional Support: Ongoing treatment can be stressful, and emotional care may be helpful.

Closing remarks

Radiology plays a vital role in the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of many conditions, both common and rare. With both non-invasive and highly advanced imaging technologies, it continues to revolutionize healthcare.

At Biruni Hospital, we are proud to offer the highest standards of care, using the most advanced radiology techniques and a team of skilled professionals dedicated to your well-being.